Implementation of a Multicomponent Program to Improve Effective Use and Maintenance of Medical Equipment in Sri Lankan Hospitals

BACKGROUND: Medical equipment (ME) maintenance retains an asset's original anticipated useful life and preserves its reliability and cost-effectiveness. This study developed and implemented a multicomponent program to improve ME use and maintenance in nine Sri Lankan hospitals from May 2020 to May 2021. METHODS: This pre-post implementation study involved an initial baseline assessment of existing ME maintenance systems, the development and implementation of a multicomponent improvement program, and a 3-month postevaluation. Five targets ME were selected for the study: oxygen regulator, electrocardiogram (ECG) machine, suction apparatus, blood pressure apparatus, and mini autoclave. A pretested questionnaire was administered to randomly selected nursing officers (n = 101) and health-care assistants (n = 120) to obtain baseline ME maintenance data. Six focus group discussions and 24 key informant interviews were conducted with key stakeholders to codesign the multicomponent interventions, which included: developing a standard operating procedure targeting preventive maintenance activities; establishing focal points to provide technical and logistic support; staff training; and the introduction of institutional ME maintenance documents. Program effectiveness was assessed at 3 months postimplementation using the seven predefined outcome variables. RESULTS: Baseline assessment identified no ME maintenance programs implemented in any of the hospitals. The highest availability was observed for oxygen regulator (62% to 82.3%) and ECG machine (66.1% to 84.7%). The highest functionality improvement was observed for ECG machine (40.4% to 79.7%). The positive perception of maintenance process of ME achieved the highest (33% to 80%) improvement. Following program implementation, improvements were noted in: the availability (P = 0.00) and functionality (P = 0.00 to P = 0.02) of all selected ME; equipment maintenance processes (P = 0.000); as well as staff knowledge, skills, perceptions, and satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The program improved the use and maintenance of ME and was widely supported by the key stakeholders. The approach is relevant to other resource-poor hospital settings, as inadequate ME maintenance causes health system inefficiencies.