Early detection of contamination and defect in foodstuffs by electronic nose: A review

Electronic nose (e-nose) has emerged as a potential instrument in various areas of food safety assessment for rapid early detection of contamination and defect in food production chain. E-nose is an innovative measurement system designed for detecting and discriminating complex odors through mimicking the working mechanism and the principal building blocks of the mammalian olfactory system. This paper describes a literature update of the applications of the e-nose for ensuring health and safety in the food industry. Finally, its future trend, perspectives and challenging problem are also mentioned.