The significance and indications of a second transurethral resection for bladder cancer

Transurethral resection of bladder cancer(TURB-t)is the first-choice of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC);however,the tumor recurrence and progress remain the trouble for most urologists.In recent years,with the improvement in the understanding of the biological characteristics of bladder cancer,a second TURB-t for some high-risk patients with bladder cancer has been widely accepted.Here,based on the literature and our clinical experience,a review about the significance and indications of a second TURB-t for bladder cancer is conducted.