Ingestion and Insecticidal Effects of Cetylpyridinium Chloride Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes on Spodoptera litura: Oxidative Stress, Metabolic Disruptions, and Reproductive Toxicity

This study investigates the insecticidal potential of cetylpyridinium chloride-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CPC-CNTs) against Spodoptera litura larvae, with a focus on oxidative stress induction, antioxidant enzyme dynamics, and reproductive toxicity. Structural...