Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Postoperative Pain in Patients With Lung Cancer

Female sex, drinking history, surgical history, preoperative pain, and preoperative anxiety were independent risk factors for poor postoperative pain control. These findings suggest that health care providers should actively consider the control of the above factors and take preventive measures against risk factors when implementing multimodal and individualized analgesia. For example, diverse methods for providing analgesia, controlling preoperative pain and providing perioperative mental care and cognitive therapy to patients with different characteristics have been developed.