适体
免疫系统
计算生物学
计算机科学
纳米技术
生物
免疫学
材料科学
遗传学
作者
María Fernanda García Melián,María Moreno,Hugo Cerecetto,Victoria Calzada
出处
期刊:Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals
[Mary Ann Liebert]
日期:2023-05-01
卷期号:38 (4): 246-255
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1089/cbr.2022.0064
摘要
The escape from immune surveillance is a hallmark of cancer progression. The classic immune checkpoint molecules PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3 novel ones are part of a sophisticated system of up- and downmodulation of the immune system, which is unregulated in cancer. In recent years, there have been remarkable advances in the development of targeting strategies, focused principally on immunotherapies aiming at blocking those molecules involved in the evasion of the immune system. However, there are still challenges to predicting their efficacy due to the wide heterogeneity of clinical responses. Thus, there is a need to develop new strategies, and theranostics has much to contribute in this field. Besides that, aptamers have emerged as promising molecules with the potential to generate a huge impact in the immunotheranostic field. They are single-stranded oligonucleotides with a unique self-folding tridimensional structure, with high affinity and specificity for the target. In particular, their small size and physicochemical characteristics make them a versatile tool for designing theranostic strategies. Here, we review the progress in theranostic strategies based on aptamers against immune checkpoints, and highlight the potential of those approaches.
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