Role of Hyaluronic Acid in Modulating Wound Healing Progression

Background: Wound is the damage of the cellular and functional continuity of any living tissues. The wound healing process is a complex, multistage, and involve many changes and development steps. Management of wounds is frequently encountered with different problems related to their phases and conditions. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of hyaluronic acid in modulating the wound healing process through the evaluation of cytokines levels and histological changes. Methodology: This experimental study was carried on animal models using 24 male mice aged 8-16 weeks with a weight of (22 – 32 g). 12 male mice taking placebo treatment, and 12 male mice treated with hyaluronic acid. Blood and tissue samples were collected and wound lengths were measured after 3,7,14, and 21 days of treatment. IL 2, VEGF, TNFα, bFGF were evaluated from serum and tissue using the ELISA technique. Results: There was an improvement in healing quality in HA treated group with complete, scarless healing after 14 days of treatment. Cytokines and growth factors measured in this study showed wide variation and modulation between HA treated and untreated wounds. Conclusion Hyaluronic acid enhances wound healing via multiple processes. It modulates inflammation, promotes angiogenesis and re-epithelization, and reduce scar tissue formation.