免疫系统
肿瘤微环境
生物
酶
免疫疗法
黑色素瘤
氧化酶试验
免疫学
微生物学
癌症研究
生物化学
作者
Valérie Molinier‐Frenkel,Armelle Prévost‐Blondel,Flavia Castellano
出处
期刊:Cells
[MDPI AG]
日期:2019-07-20
卷期号:8 (7): 757-757
被引量:49
摘要
The high metabolic needs of T lymphocytes in response to activation make them particularly vulnerable to modifications of their biochemical milieu. Immunosuppressive enzymes produced in the tumor microenvironment modify nutrient availability by catabolizing essential or semi-essential amino acids and producing toxic catabolites, thus participating in the local sabotage of the antitumor immune response. L-amino-acid oxidases are FAD-bound enzymes found throughout evolution, from bacteria to mammals, and are often endowed with anti-infectious properties. IL4I1 is a secreted L-phenylalanine oxidase mainly produced by inflammatory antigen-presenting cells—in particular, macrophages present in T helper type 1 granulomas and in various types of tumors. In the last decade, it has been shown that IL4I1 is involved in the fine control of B- and T-cell adaptive immune responses. Preclinical models have revealed its role in cancer immune evasion. Recent clinical data highlight IL4I1 as a new potential prognostic marker in human melanoma. As a secreted enzyme, IL4I1 may represent an easily targetable molecule for cancer immunotherapy.
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