Fundamentals of Laser-Material Interaction for Coating Development

Titanium Nitride (TiN) coatings, known for their hardness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, are increasingly used in biomedical applications. Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) enables precise fabrication of TiN thin films with controlled microstructure, thickness, and stoichiometry. The PLD process involves ablation of a TiN target in a vacuum or nitrogen-rich atmosphere, producing dense, adherent coatings with excellent mechanical and biological performance. TiN's low friction and antimicrobial properties make it ideal for orthopedic, dental, and cardiovascular implants. Compared to other methods, PLD allows complex multilayer structures and fine control over surface properties, enhancing implant integration and longevity. This chapter explores the PLD process, laser-material interactions, and current biomedical applications of TiN coatings, emphasizing their role in improving implant durability and patient outcomes.