We have experimentally characterized the quantum efficiency in InGaAsP lasers operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m. The observed reduction in external quantum efficiency with increasing temperature and increasing bias current is found to be caused almost entirely by a reduction of the internal quantum efficiency. The internal quantum efficiency is reduced approximately linearly with bias current in the temperature range investigated. The experimental results are well explained with a theoretical model based on thermionic emission of carriers out of the active region.>