Hydrogel Electronic Skin Synergistically Enhanced by Multibond Crosslinking and a Negative Poisson’s Ratio Structure for Human Respiration Monitoring

coordination, together with a high-density hydrogen-bond network, establishes a dynamic dissipation-reconstruction mechanism, thereby markedly improving strength, toughness, and fatigue durability. Structurally, the re-entrant honeycomb geometry amplifies strain and mitigates local stress concentration through unit rotation and beam bending, enhancing low-strain signal resolution and surface adaptability. The resulting hydrogel sensor delivers a maximum tensile stress of 552.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 629.4%. It provides a broad sensing range of 0.1-200% with a 0.1% resolution and a response time of 94.2 ms while maintaining stable outputs under cyclic deformation. As application demonstrations, the hydrogel sensor enables discrimination of soft gripper bending states and grasped object sizes, conforms tightly to dynamically changing curved surfaces, and supports continuous abdominal skin-contact respiratory monitoring with clear differentiation among distinct breathing patterns. Overall, this work establishes a reliable material-structure integrated design paradigm for hydrogel-based electronic skin, promoting its development toward wearable physiological monitoring.