Borophene and Its Transition Metal Doped Heterostructures: Recent Advancements Toward High‐Performance Electrochemical Applications

ABSTRACT Fossil fuels have served as vital energy sources for centuries. However, with their rapid depletion and the escalating environmental impact of extensive fossil fuel use, it is imperative to prioritize efficient and judicious energy consumption. Consequently, there is an urgent need to accelerate the exploration of green and sustainable energy alternatives. In this context, boron emerges as a crucial element in the pursuit of sustainable energy, owing to its unique physical and chemical properties. Boron‐enriched composites have demonstrated exceptional potential across various applications. There has not been much thorough summary of transition metal borides and/or borates yet. In order to fill this vacuum, this review presents the most recent findings in the field of transition metal borides and/or borates, particularly as they relate to electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and water splitting. This review encapsulates the latest advancements in boron‐based nanostructured and macromolecular compounds specifically tailored for energy applications. These include conversions, as well as their role as carriers and storage materials. The review starts out by looking at the new synthesis techniques used as well as the structural properties of transition metal borides and/or borates. After that, it explores the theoretical and experimental developments of transition metal borides, including single‐metal and multi‐metal borides, materials derived from borate, and other boron‐containing nanocomposites (like boron‐doped nanocomposites or substrates with boron) in electrocatalytic reactions. The crucial role of boron in modulating electrocatalytic performance is underscored. The study concludes by outlining future opportunities and possible obstacles for transition metal borides/borates in the fields of energy storage devices and electrocatalysis.