材料科学
X射线光电子能谱
光电子学
钙钛矿(结构)
化学工程
真空蒸发
能量转换效率
紫外光电子能谱
薄膜
纳米技术
退火(玻璃)
复合材料
工程类
作者
Xiaoguo Li,Zejiao Shi,Fatemeh Behrouznejad,Mohammad Hatamvand,Xin Zhang,Yaxin Wang,Fengcai Liu,Dan Wang,Kai Li,Hongliang Dong,Farhan Mudasar,Jiao Wang,Anran Yu,Yiqiang Zhan
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jechem.2021.09.021
摘要
The demand for lightweight, flexible, and high-performance portable power sources urgently requires high-efficiency and stable flexible solar cells. In the case of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), most of the common electron transport layer (ETL) needs to be annealed for improving the optoelectronic properties, while conventional flexible substrates could barely stand the high temperature. Herein, a vacuum-assisted annealing SnO2 ETL at low temperature (100 °C) is utilized in flexible PSCs and achieved high efficiency of 20.14%. Meanwhile, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) increases from 1.07 V to 1.14 V. The flexible PSCs also show robust bending stability with 86.8% of the initial efficiency is retained after 1000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 5 mm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements show that the density of oxygen vacancies, the surface roughness of the SnO2 layer, and film hydrophobicity are significantly increased, respectively. These improvements could be due to the oxygen-deficient environment in a vacuum chamber, and the rapid evaporation of solvents. The proposed vacuum-assisted low-temperature annealing method not only improves the efficiency of flexible PSCs but is also compatible and promising in the large-scale commercialization of flexible PSCs.
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