Collagen peptides promote skin collagen synthesis by modulating the gut microbiota and activating the TGF-β pathway

, and enhanced SCFA production. These effects were linked to the delivery of Pro-Hyp to the hindgut according to metabolome analysis, promoting TGF-β-producing cells in the gut and contributing to activation of the TGF-β pathway in the skin. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the mechanism by which CTP promotes skin collagen synthesis through gut microbiota remodeling and TGF-β pathway activation, highlighting the potential of CTP to exhibit prebiotic-like properties for skin health improvement.