TRPM2-mediated feed-forward loop promotes chondrocyte damage in osteoarthritis via calcium-cGAS-STING-NF-κB pathway

Our data collectively revealed a pathological feedback loop involving TRPM2, Ca²⁺, mtDNA, cGAS, STING, and NF-κB in OA chondrocytes. This suggests that disrupting this loop could be a viable therapeutic approach for OA.