超级电容器
化学工程
离子电导率
电容
电化学
储能
乙烯醇
法拉第效率
电解质
材料科学
纳米技术
电极
复合材料
化学
聚合物
物理
工程类
量子力学
物理化学
功率(物理)
作者
Nan Lü,Ruiqi Na,Leibo Li,Chongyang Zhang,Zhuoqi Chen,Shuling Zhang,Jingyi Luan,Guibin Wang
出处
期刊:ACS applied energy materials
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2020-01-13
卷期号:3 (2): 1944-1951
被引量:85
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsaem.9b02379
摘要
Hydrogel electrolytes have gained significant attention in the field of flexible supercapacitors for their intrinsic safety, high flexibility, and superior ionic conductivity. However, the water-rich structures of traditional hydrogel electrolytes inevitably cause them to freeze at subfreezing temperatures, which therefore limits the application of flexible supercapacitors at extremely cold temperatures. Herein, an organohydrogel electrolyte was successfully fabricated by displacing a portion of water molecules from hydroxypropyl cellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) (HPC/PVA) hydrogel with LiClO4 water/glycerol mixture solution. The introduction of glycerol and inorganic salt into the hydrogel matrix can effectively preclude the ice formation of water at subfreezing temperatures. The flexible supercapacitor comprising the optimal antifreezing organohydrogel electrolyte exhibited excellent mechanical and electrochemical stability at subfreezing temperatures. Even if the temperature decreased to −40 °C, the supercapacitor could also deliver a specific capacitance of 143.6 F g–1 (73.75% of the one delivered at 20 °C) with Coulombic efficiency approaching ∼100%. Meanwhile, the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor could also be well maintained under different bending conditions. It is believed that this work will play an exemplary role for designing antifreezing gel electrolytes for flexible energy storage devices using at extremely cold environments.
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