Review—Polymeric/Small Organic Molecules-Based Electrochromic Devices: How Far Toward Realization

Electrochromic devices have emerged as new age technology devices due their low power consumption, eye friendly working modes and simple structure with easily adjustable features. Such devices have a vast application prospect in areas like energy efficient building architecture, flexible displays, next generation smart wearable, satellite thermal control, etc. Organic electrochromic material offers several advantages like rich color, stretchable and flexible architecture, facile synthesis and easy modification of optical properties. However, there are certain technical issues like cyclic stability, durability, uniform color performance, etc., which are still to be resolved before large scale commercialization of the organic electrochromic devices. In recent years, various research teams are making efforts in developing new methods and technologies to overcome such issues. In this review, we have summarized these innovative efforts taken in the last decade. This review can help researchers to analyse and compare different techniques adopted towards improving the performance of organic electrochromic devices.