, respectively. The adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) and As(Ⅲ) was mainly affected by the electron exchange, electron sharing, and complexation on the surface of the material. The whole adsorption process was a combination of single-layer adsorption and multi-layer adsorption on an uneven surface. The adsorption process was a multi-step process, including outer surface diffusion and inner particle diffusion. In addition, comparing the removal rate of composite materials in the single-component system and the binary system, a mutual promotion of adsorption between Cd(Ⅱ) and As(Ⅲ) was found under the binary system. In conclusion, oxide-microbe combined biochar could be an efficient adsorption material and was suitable for the remediation of aqueous system pollution caused by Cd(Ⅱ) and As(Ⅲ).