Will users fall in love with ChatGPT? a perspective from the triangular theory of love

The phenomenon of human-ChatGPT emotional interaction has become increasing. This study aims to address whether users will fall in love with ChatGPT and to uncover the antecedents and underlying mechanisms. Based on the social-technical framework and the triangular theory of love, we examine the attributes tied to ChatGPT and the inherent processes that influence the emotional dependence of users. Through a survey and data analysis of 466 users who have engaged in emotional interactions with ChatGPT, we find that three ChatGPT’s emotional intelligence factors and two emotional companionship factors positively influence the factors of the love triangle and are associated with users’ emotional dependence on it. The findings also suggest that users with an anxious attachment personality are predisposed to develop an emotional dependency on ChatGPT. This study innovatively explores the phenomenon of human–machine romantic relationships in the context of ChatGPT, revealing the underlying mechanisms of human–machine romantic relationships. It enriches the research on human–machine romantic relationships and extends the Love Triangle Theory. Additionally, we capture the unique emotional interaction features of ChatGPT, providing practical significance for the design and development of future artificial intelligence products based on ChatGPT.