Iodine Adsorption in Nanoporous Carbon to Fabricate Assimilated Battery Electrodes for Durable Hybrid Supercapacitors

A hybrid supercapacitor is designed by coupling a battery electrode with a capacitive electrode in a single device/cell to enhance energy density. In iodine-based hybrid supercapacitors, the nanoporous carbon serves as the electrode material; however, the cathode or positive electrode is charged with iodine via electrodeposition from a redox aqueous electrolyte, while a negative electrode stores charges at the electric double-layer. In this work, iodine is loaded via physical adsorption into the porosity of a carbon electrode, keeping the aqueous electrolyte free from iodide redox moieties. By this way, the risk of polyiodide (I