Effect of Chronic Endometritis on Prognosis and Reproductive Outcomes in Infertile Women With Endometrial Hyperplasia

ABSTRACT Problem Chronic endometritis has been shown to cause infertility, and chronic inflammation has been confirmed to be associated with the development of cancer. However, the effect of chronic endometritis on endometrial hyperplasia (EH) among infertile women has not been studied. So, we aim to investigate whether chronic endometritis affects the prognosis and reproductive outcome in infertile women with EH who had preserved fertility therapy. Method This study employed a retrospective design. Infertile women who underwent hysteroscopic biopsy and were diagnosed as EH were enrolled. We used CD138 immunohistochemical staining in endometrium paraffin sections of EH patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were diagnosed as chronic endometritis or not, and the disease outcome and reproductive outcome were analyzed. Result The results showed that after progesterone therapy, women with a persistent chronic endometritis exhibited a lower rate of complete response ( p = 0.002) of EH, along with an increased incidence of miscarriage after embryo transfer ( p = 0.005). Conclusion Our study indicates a high prevalence rate of chronic endometritis in infertile women with EH, with potential implications for prognosis and subsequent reproductive outcomes, whether antibiotics should be added to the treatment of patients with EH combined with chronic endometritis deserves further investigation.