Multi-Institutional Study of Multimodal Analgesia Practice, Pain Trajectories, and Recovery Trends After Spine Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis

MMA strategies showed site-specific variability and decreasing yearly trends of in-hospital opioid use without changes in acute or chronic pain after PSF. There was a high incidence of persistent pain associated with disability and poor quality of life warrants postoperative surveillance to enable functional recovery.