Structure engineering of MoS2 for desalination

Desalination is a promising solution for currently worldwide water crisis, and the membrane desalination technology is the optimal measure. Recent decades, two-dimensional (2D) building block, such as graphene oxide (GO), MXenes and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), has been widely studied. As a member of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), MoS2 demonstrates promising potential for constructing desalination membranes, whereas necessitating the exploration of structural regulation strategies to ensure their optimal desalination performance. Herein, we review some common fabrication methods of MoS2 membranes firstly. Secondly, we summarize three regulatory engineering, surface engineering, interlayer engineering and pore engineering, respectively. Finally, we highlight the pressing issues currently faced in the development of MoS2 membranes and propose potential solutions to these challenges, while also providing an outlook for future advancements in MoS2 membranes design. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structural regulation strategies for MoS2, thereby offering novel ideas for the design of MoS2 membranes with superior desalination performance and fascinating the process of their commercialization.