To summarize the prevention and treatment by analysis of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of chronic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages of the syndrome differentiation and treatment of chronic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis based on classic and traditional Chinese medicine theory.Modern medicine has expounded the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis from protein and gene level which provided a new method of treatment.As the research results made by modern medicine has promoted the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine can make complementary advantages in the study of the liver fibrosis according to combination of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine.