Preliminary studies on invasive model and outbreak mechanism of exotic species, Spartina alterniflora Loisel.

The invasive species, Spartina alterniflora Loisel., has been introduced to many countries because it accelerates sediment accretion and therefore can act as a seawall. However, the exceptional adaptability and reproductive ability of this species has led to its extensive dispersal into habitats where it has negative impacts on native species. Previous researchers have shown Allee effects in the establishment of S. alterniflora, in part due to inbreeding depression and rapid local adaptation, making this species a model plant for studying biological invasion from ecological and genetic perspectives. In China, the expansion of S. alterniflora, based on intentionally transplanted in multiple loci, has developed an understanding of the mode of point-source dispersal, suggesting multi-locus outbreaks and weak Allee effects. The episodic and continuous dispersal pattern of seeds plays an important role in maintaining, recruitment and expansion of S. alterniflora populations. Furthermore, expansion of S. alterniflora populations is also enhanced by clonal growth. It has proven very difficult to eradicate S. alterniflora, but timely monitoring combined with a clear understanding of the factors that promote invasion may alleviate the effect of this species in natural habitats.