OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of four acute myeloid leukemia with t(3;3) translocation. METHODS: Bone marrow cell chromosome karyotype analysis were carried out with direct method and short-term culture and R-banding technique. RESULTS: Four AML patients with t(3;3) translocation were identified. They did not obtain complete remission after chemotherapy and the median survival time was 4.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: t(3;3) translocation is a rare chromosome abnormality, which has mostly been found in myeloid leukemia and the prognosis of these patients is poor.