MXene‐Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Abstract Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a key raw material for fertilizer production, as well as an emerging clean energy source. Presently, the current principal strategy for industrial NH 3 production is the Haber–Bosch process, which consumes energy and causes environmental problems. Because of its potential for mild reaction conditions and environmentally friendly, sustainable production, the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has garnered a lot of attention as an NH 3 synthesis technique. However, it has also encountered certain difficulties, such as low faradaic efficiency (FE) and low NH 3 yield rate. Therefore, developing high‐performance catalysts for the NRR has become a key objective. Transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbon nitrides (MXene) are a recently created 2D material that has a unique layered structure, a large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, and unique physicochemical properties. These advantages demonstrate that MXene‐based materials exhibit the great development potential as NRR catalysts. Consequently, this review offers a thorough summary of MXene composition, characteristics, and production methods. In addition, a summary of the most recent developments in MXene‐based NRR catalyst research is provided. Lastly, the present difficulties and potential for future advancements in MXene‐based NRR catalysts are examined. For the later development of MXene‐based NRR catalysts, this review offered scientific direction.