Multistimulus-Responsive Chromic Textile for Smart Wearable Display, Sensor, and Camouflage

The development of multiresponsive chromic cloth, showing color change under various external stimuli, has shown promising potential for next-generation flexible and wearable sensors, displays, and military camouflage. However, the single-trigger behavior, complex device structure, and manufacturing of existing chromic devices hinder their diverse applications. Herein, stimulus-responsive polychromic textiles are developed by coupling multiple energy conversion effects and thermochromic phenomena onto a single cotton fabric. Benefiting from the superior photothermal and Joule heating effects of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene, the prepared textiles show a fast and durable color change under external light, thermal, and voltage triggers. A color change speed of less than 4 s is achieved under thermal and voltage triggers, with color change within 10 s under low-intensity visible light. Additionally, the textiles exhibit good comfort for wearable applications, with excellent breathability (a water vapor permeability of 3981 g/m2·day), abrasion resistance (withstanding over 1000 friction cycles), and washability. The prepared contactless chromic textiles hold great potential for wearable displays, light-sensitive writing boards, and camouflage applications, showcasing a promising future for multistimulus-responsive textiles.