生物
病毒包膜
脂质双层融合
病毒复制
病毒进入
病毒学
细胞生物学
融合机制
病毒结构蛋白
融合蛋白
病毒膜
细胞融合
病毒蛋白
病毒
细胞
遗传学
基因
重组DNA
作者
Judith M. White,Amanda E. Ward,Laura Odongo,Lukas K. Tamm
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-093413
摘要
There are at least 21 families of enveloped viruses that infect mammals, and many contain members of high concern for global human health. All enveloped viruses have a dedicated fusion protein or fusion complex that enacts the critical genome-releasing membrane fusion event that is essential before viral replication within the host cell interior can begin. Because all enveloped viruses enter cells by fusion, it behooves us to know how viral fusion proteins function. Viral fusion proteins are also major targets of neutralizing antibodies, and hence they serve as key vaccine immunogens. Here we review current concepts about viral membrane fusion proteins focusing on how they are triggered, structural intermediates between pre- and postfusion forms, and their interplay with the lipid bilayers they engage. We also discuss cellular and therapeutic interventions that thwart virus-cell membrane fusion.
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