Cancer–related symptoms among young and middle–aged women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer: Application of latent class analysis and network analysis

Abstract

Purpose

To identify subgroups and symptom networks of cancer–related symptoms for women under 60 years who are undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Methods

A cross–sectional survey in Mainland China was conducted between August 2020 and November 2021. Participants completed questionnaires that collected demographic and clinical characteristics and featured the PROMIS–57 and the PROMIS–Cognitive Function Short Form.

Results

A total of 1033 participants were included in the analysis, and three–class model was identified: "severe symptom group" (17.6%; Class 1), "moderately severe anxiety, depression, and pain–interference group" (38.0%; Class 2), and "mild symptom group" (44.4%; Class 3). Patients who were in menopause (OR = 3.05, P < .001), undergoing a combination of medical treatments (OR = 2.39, P = .003), and who had experienced complications (OR = 1.86, P = .009) were more likely to belong to Class 1. However, having two or more children increased the likelihood of belonging to Class 2. Additionally, network analysis showed that severe fatigue level was the core symptom among the full sample. As for Class 1, feeling helpless and severe fatigue level were the core symptoms. Regarding Class 2, the impact of pain interfere on the ability to participate in social activities and feeling hopeless were found to be the targeted symptoms for intervention.

Conclusion

Menopause, receiving a combination of medical treatments, and experiencing complications characterize the group with the most symptom disturbance. Moreover, different interventions should be performed for core symptoms in patients with varied symptom disturbances.