Interconnection Optimization for Highly Efficient Perovskite Modules

This paper reports on the analysis and comparison of mechanical and laser patterning in the fabrication of perovskite thin-film photovoltaic modules. Besides stability, device upscaling and module fabrication is akey challenge for the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. Here, the focus is on the optimization of the P2 interconnection that represents the electrical connection between serially connected cells in a module. The specific contact resistivity for P2 interconnection is determined by using an enhanced transmission line method. Mechanical or laser patterning are used to fabricate 4 cm ² modules with aperture area efficiencies of up to 15.3% and geometrical fill factors as high as 94%. With the application of a simulation program with an integrated circuit emphasis-based electrical device model, the interconnection losses are quantified, and optimal designs for perovskite modules are presented.