Synthesis and backbone conformations of cyclic hexapeptides cyclo‐(Xxx‐Pro‐D‐Gln)2

The solution syntheses of cyclo-(Xxx-Pro-D-Gln)2, where Xxx = Gly, Ala, Leu, Phe and Val are described. Several routes were examined, the most successful involving the intermediate Z-Xxx-Pro-D-Gln-O-tBu and proceeding to cyclization of H-Xxx-Pro-D-Gln-Xxx-Pro-D-Gln-OH using diphenylphosphoryl azide. The N--H regions of the proton magnetic resonance spectra of aqueous solutions of these peptides were examined, and in the Xxx = Leu and Val peptides an unsymmetrical backbone, presumably with one cis Xxx-Pro peptide bond, was found to be important. Previous reports of cyclo-(Xxx-Pro-D-Yyy)2 peptides have shown only C2-symmetric forms.