2086 RENAL MACROPHAGES COULD ENGLOBE CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALS DURING KIDNEY STONE FORMATION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS

You have accessJournal of UrologyStone Disease: Basic Research I1 Apr 20122086 RENAL MACROPHAGES COULD ENGLOBE CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALS DURING KIDNEY STONE FORMATION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS Atsushi Okada, Takahiro Yasui, Kazumi Taguchi, Yasuhiko Hirose, Kazuhiro Niimi, Yasuhiro Fujii, Shuzo Hamamoto, Masahito Hirose, Yasunori Itoh, Keiichi Tozawa, and Kenjiro Kohri Atsushi OkadaAtsushi Okada Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Takahiro YasuiTakahiro Yasui Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Kazumi TaguchiKazumi Taguchi Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Yasuhiko HiroseYasuhiko Hirose Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Kazuhiro NiimiKazuhiro Niimi Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Yasuhiro FujiiYasuhiro Fujii Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Shuzo HamamotoShuzo Hamamoto Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Masahito HiroseMasahito Hirose Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Yasunori ItohYasunori Itoh Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , Keiichi TozawaKeiichi Tozawa Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , and Kenjiro KohriKenjiro Kohri Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2252AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Our recent investigation indicated that mice have strong renoprotective function against kidney stone formation and macrophage activity could be responsible for it. In the present study, macrophage phagocytosis of calcium oxalate crystals was investigated by conducting an in vitro study of calcium oxalate crystal phagocytosis and an in vivo study by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural observation of mouse models with crystal-framed kidneys. METHODS Experiment 1: Using cultured mouse macrophage cells (J774.1) and mouse renal tubular cells (M1), a phagocytosis model for calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals was established. The COM crystal phagocytosis rates of each cell group after exposure to the COM crystals (12.5 and 62.5 μg/cm2) were evaluated. To establish a phagocytosis-inhibited group, cytochalasin B (CB), with a final concentration of 10 μg/mL (20 μM), was administered to similar experimental systems. Experiment 2: The 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were administered glyoxylate, an oxalate precursor, by daily intra-abdominal injections for 15 days, and kidney specimens were extracted every 3 days. Renal crystals were detected by Pizzolato staining for calcium oxalate crystals and polarized light optical microphotography. The amount of renal crystal formation was quantified by an image analysis software (ImagePro Plus®). Renal macrophage migration was detected by immunohistochemistry for F4/80, a mouse macrophage surface marker, and the number of macrophages with the F4/80 gene expression was calculated by quantitative PCR. Crystal phagocytosis by renal macrophages was observed under a transmitted electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS Experiment 1: J774.1 indicated higher COM crystal phagocytosis rate than M1 (p = 0.0038). The rate increased along with the increase in exposure to the COM crystals (COM, 12.5 μg/cm2: 19.3 ± 5.86%; COM, 62.5 μg/cm2: 39.7 ± 5.51%). The phagocytosis rates in the CB groups were significantly lower than those in the non-CB groups (COM, 12.5 μg/cm2: 0.7 ± 1.15%, p = 0.0056; COM, 62.5 μg/cm2: 13.3 ± 3.21%, p = 0.0020). Experiment 2: The number of renal tubular crystals increased until day 6 and thereafter decreased and disappeared until day 15. Renal macrophages appeared in the interstitium, and their number increased or decreased, correlating with the amount of crystals. The TEM image demonstrated phagocytosis of the crystals by interstitial macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Macrophages have the ability to englobe calcium oxalate crystals and thus play an active role in preventing kidney stone formation. © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 4SApril 2012Page: e840-e841 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Atsushi Okada Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Takahiro Yasui Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Kazumi Taguchi Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Yasuhiko Hirose Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Kazuhiro Niimi Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Yasuhiro Fujii Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Shuzo Hamamoto Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Masahito Hirose Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Yasunori Itoh Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Keiichi Tozawa Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Kenjiro Kohri Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...