Evaluation of Pseudo-Haptics system feedbacking muscle activity

Differences in perceptions between virtual reality (VR) and reality prevent immersion in VR. To improve immersion in VR, many methods have adopted haptic feedback in VR using pseudo-haptics. However, these methods have little evaluated the effect of force feedback on pseudo-haptics that reflect the user’s state. This paper proposes and evaluates the pseudo-haptics system that manipulates the control/display (C/D) ratio between reality and VR using muscle activity measured. We conducted a user study under three conditions: the C/D ratio is constant, large, or small, depending on the muscle activity. Our results indicated that pseudo-haptics were effective for small C/D ratio settings during low myoelectric intensity.