High Complication Rate and High Percentage of Regressing Radiolucency in Magnesium Screw Fixation in 18 Consecutive Patients

(1) Background: Magnesium-based implants use has become a research focus in recent years. Radiolucent areas around inserted screws are still worrisome. The objective of this study was to investigate the first 18 patients treated using MAGNEZIX® CS screws. (2) Methods: This retrospective case series included all 18 consecutive patients treated using MAGNEZIX® CS screws at our Level-1 trauma center. Radiographs were taken at 3-, 6- and 9-month follow-ups. Osteolysis, radiolucency and material failure were assessed, as were infection and revision surgery. (3) Results: Most patients (61.1%) had surgery in the shoulder region. Radiolucency regressed from 55.6% at 3-month follow-ups to 11.1% at 9-month follow-ups. Material failure occurred in four patients (22.22%) and infection occurred in two patients, yielding a 33.33% complication rate. (4) Conclusion: MAGNEZIX® CS screws demonstrated a high percentage of radiolucency that regressed and seems to be clinically irrelevant. The material failure rate and infection rate require further research.