LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIRPABRIKASI FIXED BED DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER UNTUK PRODUKSI BAHAN BAKAR GAS DARI ARANG SEKAM PADI KAPASITAS 3 KG/JAM

Muhammad Hasby Rizky, Pangky Ari Wibowo, 2013, ” Fixed Bed Downdraft Gasifier Fabrication to Produce Gas Fuel made by Rice Husk Capacity 3 kg/hr” Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. One alternative energy in Indonesia is being developed that biomass energy. Indonesia has abundant biomass resources, so the potential to make it as a source of energy is very large, which is 10 million tons per year. Formulation of the issues discussed in this case, among others, how to make rice husk gasifier for the batch and how the performance obtained gasifier to produce gas producer. The final goal, among others, make rice husk gasifier for batch and produce gas producer. One processing biomass gasification process can be done. Biomass gasification process is a process of thermo-chemical conversion of solid biomass materials into gaseous material. Venue for the gasification reaction called a gasifier. Results obtained from the gasification of biomass is a gas that can be burned later called producer gas. Producer gas composition include CO, H2, CO2, CH4, N2 and small amounts of other compounds including tar and solid particles. The final activity in the form of early-dimensional design tools, fabrication and performance test equipment. Equipment fabrication is done by a professional workshop and conducted surveillance during manufacturing jobs. As for the materials required in the manufacturing, among others, that is, 2 mm thick iron plate, nuts, bolts, nuts water, burner, hose and thermocouple. In the performance test tools, charcoal biomass initially introduced into the reactor. Furthermore ensure grate in the open state. Next initiator takes the form of wood and charcoal is placed on top of a pile of rice husk. Then the blower is used to draw air into the reactor penggasifikasi. The data observed in the gasification process such as temperature reactor, producer gas generated and the amount of solid residues generated. The reactor temperature gasification process can reach 900 0 C - 985 0 C. The resulting gas producers such as CO and H2 with the percentage of each gas at 9.007% and 0.109%. SGR values in the range of 110-113 kg/m2 hour. The average value 0.07 AFR. Solid residues generated between 14% -16%. The advantages of this gasifier unit include easy operation, charcoal produced relatively few, and many do not produce smoke.