Artificial intelligence predictions of knee kinematics, kinetics, and internal biomechanics during walking in people with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

= 0.17 to 0.92, and NRMSE varied between 0.21 (0.01) and 0.70 (0.05) relative to physics-based values. Overall, AI approaches have potential to predict specific knee biomechanics, but refinement and validation are needed to improve prediction accuracy across all knee biomechanical variables.