Olfaction and Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease and Neurodegeneration in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Investigation of olfactory impairment, an early manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD), in relation to plasma biomarkers of AD and neurodegeneration could provide insights into the disease's pathophysiology. Because few such studies based on large, diverse, community-based populations exist, we investigated associations of odor identification ability with plasma biomarkers of AD and other neurodegenerative pathologies in community-dwelling Black and White older adults. METHODS: status, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. We further examined whether any observed associations are explained by total and regional brain volumes. RESULTS: , GFAP, and NfL. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that poor olfaction is associated with multiple AD-related and other neurodegenerative processes. Future studies should investigate how longitudinal changes in both olfaction and biomarkers relate to each other.