Cellulosic Triboelectric Elastomers for Energy Harvesting and Emerging Applications

Abstract Triboelectric elastomers, renowned for their exceptional mechanical resilience, biocompatibility, and self‐powering capabilities, emerge as compelling candidates for flexible electronic materials. Cellulose, with its distinctive multiscale architecture, exhibits significant performance advantages and is widely recognized for enhancing the comprehensive properties of triboelectric elastomers. Nevertheless, the intrinsic correlation between cellulose's structural advantages and the performance of triboelectric elastomers remains elusive, posing challenges to the rational design of cellulose‐based triboelectric elastomers. This review article focuses on elucidating the molecular architectural features of cellulose and its mechanisms in amplifying the performance of triboelectric elastomers, and systematically reviewing the latest design strategies for cellulose‐based triboelectric elastomers. Furthermore, it delves into representative applications in wearable domains such as energy harvesting, motion detection, and human–machine interaction. Finally, it provides a perspective on the challenges and opportunities associated with cellulose‐based triboelectric elastomers in terms of scalable fabrication, functional diversification, and long‐term stability. This review endeavors to offer valuable insights to researchers, facilitating the progression of flexible electronic materials toward a more sustainable future.