Electrochemical Anodic Oxidation-Based Membrane System for Micropollutant Removal

Electrochemical anodic oxidation-based membrane systems have garnered significant attention in the field of micropollutant removal due to their inherent advantages, including enhanced mass transport, high electroactive area, and self-cleaning ability. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes the fabrication and operation modes of electrochemical anodic oxidation-based membranes, while providing detailed insights into the mechanisms by which these anodic membranes enhance micropollutant removal. Furthermore, the recent advancements in novel carbon- and metal/metal oxide-based electrochemical anodic oxidation membranes are first discussed in this review. We highlight the synergistic effect achieved through coupling electrochemical anodic oxidation membrane with other advanced oxidation processes involving electro-Fenton, ultrasound treatment, photoelectrocatalysis, and persulfate activation for improved micropollutant removal. The elucidation of these synergies further emphasizes the potential of electrochemical anodic membrane systems in addressing purification challenges. Moreover, this Review addresses the remaining challenges and opportunities for developing efficient electrochemical anodic oxidation-based membrane systems while paving the way for further research and development efforts.