The mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications of sheepskin collagen peptide as a novel anti-photoaging agent

This study explores the protective effects of sheepskin collagen peptide (SSCP) against ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced skin damage. Molecular docking revealed that SSCP bind to matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), forming hydrogen bonds and salt bridges, particularly through interactions with key residues Glu219, Tyr237, Ser239, and Tyr240, thereby potentially inhibiting MMP-1's catalytic activity. In UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblasts, SSCP improved cell viability and migration, reduced matrix metalloproteinases overexpression, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Additionally, SSCP suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation, indicated by reduced phosphorylation of JNK and p38, highlighting its role in mitigating oxidative stress and aiding cellular recovery post-UVA exposure. These findings underscore the potential of SSCP as an effective ingredient in anti-photoaging cosmetics and functional foods, offering a comprehensive strategy for preserving skin health and combating UV-induced aging.