Performance enhancement of phase change materials in triplex-tube latent heat energy storage system using novel fin configurations

Phase change material (PCM) has promising applications as an energy storage material in thermal energy storage (TES) systems. However, the low thermal conductivity of PCM limits its applications. To reduce the response time of TES systems, various configurations of fins are used to improve the heat transfer performance of PCM. The Y-structured fins utilize the Y-structure, a common structure in nature, and this study investigates the different structures of Y-shaped fins and the effect of HTF on melting time. A numerical research method based on the enthalpy-porosity method is adopted used for the study. The numerical model of the study is validated using previous experimental data. The simulation results have been obtained, including solid–liquid interface contours, isotherm contours, and evolution of the PCM liquid fraction. The results show that the melting process of the PCM is divided into three main stages and integrated solid fins within the PCM effectively reduce the melting time. Under certain operating conditions, reducing the fin thickness, increasing the fin angle, and increasing the HTF temperature can effectively reduce the PCM melting time. Transient heat transfer rates and dimensionless quantities are analyzed based on numerical results. This study provides potential applications of novel fin structures for new industrial products related to thermal energy storage and management.