A new socialist countryside-construction must be directed by the new countryside planning.This paper elaborates the background of the new countryside planning at first,then analyzes its essence and function,such as,the new countryside planning and legislation,the new countryside and space order,an attribute of the public article in the new countryside planning,the predictive of the new countryside planning,hierarchy of the new countryside planning,at last the authors put forward some principles what the new countryside planning should follow,comments and measurements of new countryside planning.