Objective It is to investigate the effects of estradiol on prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate in castrated rats.Method A prostatic hyperplasia model was established in the castrated rats treated with testosterone propionate,and estradiol benzoate(2.5 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously for 4 weeks.After the rats were killed,the prostate was dissected and weighted,the prostate volume was measured and the prostate index was calculated.Result Comparison with testosterone group,no significantly change was observed in the prostate volume and wet weight as well as the prostate index of the rats in estradiol group(P0.05).Conclusion Estradiol benzoate(2.5 mg/kg) has no inhibitory effect on prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate in castrated rats.