Analyzing the innovation risk of oil companies through option games,Categorization of technological risks,production risk,market risk,management risk,financial risk and environmental risk according to innovation risk sources.set up risk appraisal indexes system are selected form each risk factor and make use of BP neural network forecast to value the innovation risk of oil companies,and discuss important countermeasures include risk aversion、transfer、mitigation、controlling and monitoring to evade risk in the end.