The relationship between the carotid and coronary artery stenosis: a study based on angiography

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association between carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and coronary artery stenosis disease (COAS). However, prior evaluated methods are non-invasive examinations. This study was aimed to access the relationship between CAS and COAS by the means of angiography. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospectively reviewed study based on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of carotid artery and coronary artery angiography (CAG). We collected a total of 231 patients undergoing DSA and CAG at the same-day between June 2013 and May 2015. The patients were stratified according to the degree of CAS and COAS, mild stenosis <50%, moderate stenosis 50-69%, severe stenosis 70-99%, occlusion 100%. The correlation of CAS with COAS, as well as the risk factors, was analyzed. Results: A total of 231 patients was enrolled in this study, male 71.9% (166/231). The age ranges from 32 to 80, mean age 60.06 ± 9.98. Of these patients, 79 patients were severe CAS and 128 patients were severe COAS. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the independent risk factors of severe COAS ≥70%, were age, sex, previous cerebral infraction, coronary heart diseases, and coronary artery surgery. CAS was associated with COAS (Spearman r = 0.333, P < 0.01). The more serious the CAS, the more involved COAS (Kendall's tab-b = 0.294, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The DSA confirmed CAS was associated with CAG confirmed COAS. The heavier the CAS is, the more the number of the affected coronary artery.