Thiamine, cysteine and xylose added to the Maillard reaction of goat protein hydrolysate potentiates the formation of meat flavoring compounds

A protein hydrolysate of goat viscera added with xylose, cysteine, and thiamine under different pH was used to prepare a meat flavoring. Goat viscera hydrolysate and flavoring were subjected to analysis of physicochemical characteristics, amino acid profile, sugars, fatty acids, and volatile profile. Meat aroma characteristics were initiated in the hydrolysate, in which Strecker's pyrazines and aldehydes were identified, which also had fatty acids and amino acids available for the formation of 96 volatile compounds in the flavorings via lipid manipulation, Maillard occurrence, Strecker manipulation and interactions among these means. Maillard reaction products with intense meat aroma, such as 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, 2-furfurylthiol and, bis(2-methyl-3-furyl) disulfide were isolated only in the flavoring at pH 4. In contrast, the flavoring at pH 6 showed a higher concentration than all the other compounds, providing a lower meat characteristic, but an intense sweet, fatty and goat aroma.