Application and Mechanism of Action of a Ketogenic Diet in Antiepileptic Therapy

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Although there are various drug treatments available, many epilepsy patients still experience seizures with the effect of drugs and develop refractory epilepsy. The ketogenic diet can treat drug-refractory epilepsy by regulating the body's metabolism and can enhance the quality of life by improving their cognition, behavior, and sleep quality. However, there is no unified conclusion on the mechanism through which the ketogenic diet plays a therapeutic role in epilepsy. This article provides a review of the possible mechanisms of how the ketogenic diet exerts a protective effect on epilepsy.