Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with nearly 100% carbon monoxide faradaic efficiency from vacancy-stabilized single-atom active sites

Unsaturated Ni centers are prepared through a CO 2 -to-carbon process and exhibit promising performance for electrochemical CO 2 reduction. As cathodes in flow cells, the catalysts exhibit nearly 100% selectivity for CO formation under a high current density of 51 mA cm −2 .