9 Macular Holes

Macular holes are a group of vitreoretinal interface disorders that are characterized by an abnormality in the foveal architecture, ranging from a full-thickness hole to a partial hole with minimal tissue disruption. This chapter provides an overview of the concepts, classification, and pathophysiology surrounding macular holes. Risk factors and common features are reviewed. The gold standard for diagnostic testing is optical coherence tomography. Finally, the critical work-up and management options including include surgical intervention are discussed.